Episode 257 is all about Kritosaurus, a hadrosaur that was discovered over 100 years in the past in New Mexico.
We additionally interview Scott Hartman, a paleo artist and lecturer on the College of Wisconsin, Madison for the Division of Integrative Biology. He’s carried out tons of of skeletal drawings and his work has been featured in books, museums, and educational publications. Comply with him on fb or twitter @skeletaldrawing or skeletaldrawing.com
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On this episode, we focus on:
Information:
- Information from poster periods and 2nd day of talks on the 2019 assembly of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology supply
- Early Mesozoic herbivores stuffed in ecological niches that had been left due to extinctions
- Regurgitalites (fossilized vomit) are on the market, they usually may give simply as a lot data as coprolites (fossilized poop)
- Chemical testing of bones is seeking to be a promising methodology of discovering misplaced fossil localities
- Scott Hocknull described three profitable case research of getting the general public concerned with dinosaur discoveries throughout building tasks and mining operations
- Stuart Sumida confirmed an animation of evolution, utilizing a Dimetrodon and different kin
- Ariel Marcy has a brand new collaborative recreation concerning the scientific methodology, much like the sport Pandemic
- Taissa Rodrigues taught excessive schoolers in Brazil about evolution by way of paleo artwork
- Emanuel Tschopp discovered that sauropods from the Morrison Formation didn’t overlap as a lot as beforehand thought
- Kayleigh Wiersma confirmed that some sauropods might have had beaks along with their enamel
- Les Hearn and Amanda Williams revealed a paper about ache in dinosaurs, and located loads of dinosaurs survived accidents that will have harm their mobility and skill to hunt or run away from predators supply
- The Discipline Museum in Chicago has new sensory stations, together with one the place you possibly can odor Sue the T. rex’s breath supply
- There’s a grassroots effort in Westchester New York to guard land with dinosaur tracks and fossils supply
- Austin, Texas, as a bizarre neon inexperienced dinosaur, generally known as Mangiasaurus rex supply
- Particular Areas Cleveland and the Jurassic World Dwell tour labored collectively to design a dinosaur bed room for Ezra Boggs, a 6-year-old with most cancers supply
- Lego has a brand new 910 piece Dinosaur Fossils set supply
The dinosaur of the day: Kritosaurus
- Hadrosaurid that lived within the Late Cretaceous in what’s now New Mexico, US (Kirtland Formation)
- Estimated to be round 30 ft (10 m) lengthy, primarily based on comparisons to different genera
- Herbivore, and was each bipedal and quadrupedal
- Had a broad beak to crop vegetation
- Might eat vegetation with a grinding movement much like chewing
- Regularly changed enamel (had dental batteries with tons of of enamel)
- That is primarily based on kin (solely fragments have been discovered)
- Sort species is Kritosaurus navajovius
- Genus title means “separated lizard” and refers to how the cheek bones within the incomplete sort cranium are organized
- Typically it’s been translated as “noble lizard” (referring to the “Roman nostril” which within the unique specimen was initially restored flat because the area was fragmented and disarticulated
- Barnum Brown discovered the sort specimen in 1904 in San Juan County, New Mexico
- Many of the entrance of the cranium was fragments or eroded, and Brown reconstructed it primarily based on Edmontosaurus and not noted many fragments (noticed the fragments had been completely different from Edmontosaurus however mentioned it was as a result of they had been crushed)
- Brown needed to name the animal Nectosaurus however then came upon that title was already getting used
- After Gryposaurus was described in 1914, Brown modified his thoughts concerning the specimen’s snout, and provides it a Gryposaurus-like arched nasal crest, and synonymized Kritosaurus with Gryposaurus
- This stayed the case till 1990, and there have been three species: Kritosaurus navajovius, Kritosaurus incurvimanus, and Kritosaurus notabilis (previously Gryposaurus notabilis, then reassigned Kritosaurus notabilis in Nineties). Hadrosaurus breviceps (recognized solely from a dentary) was assigned to Kritosaurus by Lull and Wright, however this isn’t accepted anymore
- Due to the synonymization, most depictions of Kritosaurus till 1990 look extra like Gryposaurus (there was extra Gryposaurus materials)
- In 1990, Jack Horner and David Weishampel separated Gryposaurus and Kritosaurus, primarily based on Kritosaurus’ partial cranium (how the cranium appeared is unknown)
- Kritosaurus incurvimanus is now thought of to be a synonym of Gryposaurus notabilis
- Horner described two skulls in 1922 from New Mexico that had been completely different from Gryposaurus and referred them to Kritosaurus, however in 1993 Adrian Hunt and Spencer Lucas mentioned they had been separate genera, Anasazisaurus and Naashoibitosaurus
- Not everybody agrees with this
- Albert Prieto-Márquez in 2013 discovered that the sort specimens of Kritosaurus and Anasazisaurus had been the identical, primarily based on the weather present in each specimens, and mentioned Anasazisaurus was a synonym of Kritosaurus however its personal species: Kritosaurus horneri
- A Kritosaurus cranium was later present in Texas, and a partial cranium from Coahuila, Mexico, has been referred to Kritosaurus navajovius
- Sort specimen of Kritosaurus consists of a partial cranium and decrease jaws, and a few postcranial parts (a lot of the muzzle and higher beak are lacking)
- Jim Kirkland and others discovered a partial skeleton described as Kritosaurus however Prieto-Marquez discovered it to be an indeterminate saurolophine (it was bigger than different recognized specimens, at 36 ft (11 m) lengthy)
- Had a heavy, rectangular-ish maxilla, and the decrease beak had tooth-like outlines
- Had a novel crest (primarily based on the cranium of the Anasazisaurus specimen) with some bone from the nasals that got here between and above the eyes and folded again beneath itself
- Had a flat head and stable crest
- Nasal crest might have been used for species recognition or social rating, and will have had inflatable air sacs
- Different dinosaurs that lived across the identical time and place embrace Alamosaurus, Parasaurolophus, Pentaceratops, Nodocephalosaurus, Saurornitholestes
Enjoyable Reality: Nothronychus graffami is probably the most full therizinosaurid, together with its huge claws.