Episode 68 is all about Cryolophosaurus, a theropod with a curved head crest present in Antarctica.
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On this episode, we focus on:
- The dinosaur of the day: Cryolophosaurus
- Title means chilly crest lizard
- Species is Cryolophosaurus ellioti
- Giant theropod
- Lived within the early Jurassic in what’s now Antarctica
- Dr. William Hammer first excavated the bones in 1991
- Elliot and Hammer have been excavating in Antarctica in 1991, and Elliot’s workforce first discovered Cryolophosaurus at an altitude of 13,000 ft (4,000 m), about 400 mi (640) from the South Pole. He advised Hammer about it, and Hammer excavated it over 3 weeks.
- Hammer and Hickerson described Cryolophosaurus in 1994 within the journal Science
- Species named after David Elliot, who first found the fossils
- Discovered bones together with a cranium and femur
- 21.3 ft (6.5 m) lengthy, and weighed 1,025 lb (465 kg); one of many largest theropods
- Just one recognized specimen, and it’s a sub-adult, so might have grown bigger
- Second expedition in 2003 to search out extra Cryolophosaurus bones
- Hammer and workforce discovered over 100 fossil bones (a few of Cryolophosaurus)
- Primitive mind
- In 2013 Vernon Meidlinger-Chin did an unpublished research of the cranial cavity (it was giant and intact sufficient to present the form and measurement of the mind) and it confirmed it was not just like allosauroids and coelurosaurs, so Cryolophosaurus can be some type of basal theropod
- A possible pathology was present in a Cryolophosaurus ankle bone, nevertheless it may very well be a novel function (small splint from the fibula above the ankle)
- First carnivorous dinosaur present in Antarctica and first non-avian dinosaur from Antarctica formally named
- Scientists didn’t discover any dinosaur fossils in Antarctica till the Nineteen Eighties (Antarctopelta oliveroi was present in 1986, however not named till 2006)
- Prime predator in Antarctica
- Giant theropods like Allosaurus didn’t dwell till a couple of million years later (fascinating Cryolophosaurus was so giant)
- Thick, muscular legs
- Lighter and sooner than T-rex
- U.S. Geological Survey discovered that dinosaurs might dwell in colder situations (referred to as polar dinosaurs, had good evening imaginative and prescient, warm-blooded and will search for meals in winter at evening)
- Again then, Antarctica was nearer to the equator and hotter than trendy Antarctica (although nonetheless pretty cool)
- Due to excessive altitude, might imply within the early Jurassic the realm was coated in forests and had a variety of species on the coast (loads of meals)
- Cryolophosaurus might have been a scavenger
- Some Cryolophosaurus bones discovered with nibble-like markings (potential a scavenger)
- One other dinosaur within the space was Glacialisaurus (“frozen lizard”), a prosauropod (too giant for Cryolophosaurus to hunt)
- Most likely had sharp tooth that curved backwards (to carry its prey in its jaws)
- Brief forearms, so jaws have been essential
- Cryolophosaurus most likely went for juveniles or sick or previous Glacialisaurus, or scavenged them
- A couple of lengthy cervical ribs of a prosauropod have been present in Cryolophosaurus’ mouth, so in 1998 Hammer concluded it was consuming the prosauropod when it died.
- However, the ribs went all the way in which into Cryolophosaurus‘ neck, so it’s potential Cryolophosaurus choked to loss of life on the ribs. Nevertheless, a separate research led by Smith stated these ribs belonged to a different Cryolophosaurus and never a prosauropod
- The ribs have been displaced after it died (Cryolophosaurus)
- Excessive, slim cranium, about 26 in (65 cm) lengthy
- Had a crest on its head that ran back and forth, and seemed like a Spanish comb (most likely used to acknowledge species)
- Curved head crest faces ahead
- Nasal crest over the eyes, skinny and furrowed (different theropods have crests, however often ran alongside the cranium as an alternative of throughout the cranium)
- Crest wouldn’t have been a superb weapon, however might have been used for show in attracting mates
- Nicknamed “Elvisaurus” as a result of it’s crest is Elvis Presley-like
- Can see Cryolophosaurus within the first episode of Dinosaur Revolution (a pair have a look at their eggs, then a bigger male assaults and eats the eggs)
- Also can see Cryolophosaurus in Primal Carnage and Primal Carnage: Extinction (can spit out poison in Primal Carnage and acid in Primage Carnage: Extinction)
- On PBS’ Dinosaur Prepare, there’s a recurring character referred to as King Cryolophosaurus
- Board e book on dinosaurs referred to as “Dinoblock” has a Cryolophosaurus in it
- Considered a primitive member of Tetanurae or a detailed relative (cranium has superior options and there was debate over whether or not it was a tetanuran, abelisaurid, ceratosaur or allosaurid; femur is primitive and triggered debate over whether or not it was a dilophosaurid)
- A part of Tetanuran household
- Tenanurae means “stiff tails” and is a clade that features extra theropods
- Appeared within the early or center Jurassic
- Clade was named in 1986 by Jacques Gauthier
- Contains all theropods extra intently associated to trendy birds than Ceratosaurus
- Enjoyable Reality: The College of California, Santa Cruz simulation exhibits an approximation of the “mega tsunami” created by the Chicxulub affect. It estimates that the water can be vaporized on the affect web site, however simply exterior it, a ~100m (330ft) excessive wave would have propagated.