Episode 419: Tyrannosaurs broke tooth, dino arms, and Large Al pathologies. Plus a brand new ornithopod from Antarctica, a brand new alvarezsaurid, particulars from the Coelophysis bonebed in New Mexico, and extra from SVP 2022
Information:
- The Colbert Prize posters from SVP 2022: Tyrannosaur tooth put on, a brand new ornithopod, a brand new alvarezsaurid, and extra supply
- Extra talks from SVP 2022: Polar dinosaur tracks, a possible new tyrannosaur, extra Shri fossils, turtles with theropods, and extra supply
- Additionally, the 9 ton Utahraptor block may need one other raptor species in it, fossilized dinosaur pores and skin chemistry, and extra from SVP supply
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The dinosaur of the day: Panphagia
- Sauropodomorph that lived within the Late Triassic in what’s now San Juan Province, Argentina (Ischigualasto Formation)
- Regarded like different early dinosaurs, with an extended tail, considerably lengthy neck, lengthy arms, and walked on two legs
- Fossils had related options of the sauropodomorphs Saturnalia (lined in episode 369) and Eoraptor (lined in episode 60)
- Dimension and proportions had been just like Eoraptor, although Panphagia is barely bigger, with comparatively shorter hindlimbs in comparison with Eoraptor
- Entrance of the cranium between the eyes was slender, like Eoraptor (and in contrast to Herrerasaurus)
- Decrease jaw was proportionally extra slender in comparison with Eoraptor
- Had a proportionally brief nasal
- Holotype is about 4.3 ft (1.3 m) lengthy
- Holotype contains elements of the cranium, vertebrae, elements of the shoulder, elements of the pelvis, and hindlimb bones
- Bones had been principally disarticulated (aside from 15 of the tail vertebrae), however they had been all close to one another and there have been no duplicate bones, so that they doubtless got here from the identical particular person
- Limb bones and vertebrae had hole shafts, like Eoraptor and Herrerasaurus
- Fossils present in 2006 by Ricardo Martinez
- Described by Ricardo Martínez and Oscar Alcober in 2009
- Kind species is Panphagia protos
- Genus identify means “all to eat” in Greek and refers to it most likely being an omnivore, “which seems to be transitional between carnivory and herbivory”
- Species identify means “the primary” and refers to its basal place in sauropodomorphs
- Lived round 231 million years in the past
- Essentially the most basal identified sauropodomorph
- Had tooth that will imply it was an omnivore
- Enamel behind the jaw had been shorter than the tooth within the entrance, and had been leaf-shaped, and the tooth within the entrance had been higher for consuming meat
- Discovery helps present how sauropods developed
- Lived within the early Carnian (Carnian lasted from about 237 to 227 million years in the past)
- Helps present an earlier origin of sauropodomorphs through the Center Triassic
- Primarily based on animals discovered within the Ischigualasto Formation from the Carnian, which had each saurischians and ornithischians, and theropods and sauropodomorphs from the saurischian aspect, Martinez and Alcober recommended Saurischia break up into theropods and sauropodomorphs in just a few million years
- Primarily based on Panphagia and its kinfolk, saurischian dinosaurs are thought to have began as small animals that would run
- Had options that made it clear it was a basal sauropodomorph, though it’s near the widespread ancestor of theropods and sauropods. Options are within the tooth, jaws, and different options in vertebrae and the ankle bone, in addition to the leg bone lengths
- Had a comparatively lengthy cranium, which “represents the primitive situation compared with the lowered cranium size in different sauropodomorphs”
- Martinez, Haro, and Apaldetti described the partial braincase of Panphagia in 2012
- Holotype was a subadult, primarily based on the shortage of fusion within the braincase fossils
- Braincase had options that additional linked Panphagia to sauropodomorphs and to it being probably the most basal sauropodomorphs, akin to a proportionately lengthy frontal cranium bone
- Lived alongside at the very least 5 different basal dinosaurs, together with Eoraptor and Herrerasaurus
Enjoyable Truth:
We don’t know why vertebrates have bones made out of Calcium phosphate whereas invertebrates use Calcium carbonate.
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