Episode 240 is all about Hylaeosaurus, an ankylosaur that was one of many first three named dinosaurs.
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On this episode, we talk about:
Information:
- Researchers questioned dinosaur mushy tissue discoveries after discovering microorganisms residing on a Centrosaurus fossil supply
- A pair of large Macroelongatoolithus eggs had been described from Southeastern Idaho supply
- In Zimbabwe, a workforce of researchers discovered a 97% full dinosaur skeleton supply
- Potential proof of T. rex residing in teams was teased in Utah supply
- The Mukawa dinosaur will probably be on show on the 2019 Dinosaur Expo supply
- The brand new ceratopsian from Colorado has been declared an “grownup Triceratops” supply
- The Boston Globe made a listing of stops in New England the place you may see dinosaur tracks supply
- Downtown Drumheller, Alberta, Canada has a brand new dinosaur mural supply
The dinosaur of the day: Hylaeosaurus
- Ankylosaur that lived within the Early Cretaceous in what’s now England
- A part of the three unique dinosaurs that Richard Owen primarily based Dinosauria on in 1842 (coated the opposite two, Iguanodon in episode 87 and Megalosaurus in episode 47)
- One of many first dinosaurs found
- Gideon Mantell found Hylaeosaurus in 1832
- Only some fossils have been discovered, so not a lot is thought
- Holotype consists of the rear of the cranium, vertebrae, and a few spikes and armored plates
- Different fossils could also be referred to Hylaeosaurus from the Isle of Wight, France, Spain, Germany, and Romania, however many are thought-about doubtful or might belong to Polacanthus
- Could have been a basal nodosaurid or a basal ankylosaurid
- Typically depicted as a typical nodosaur, with rows of plates on the again and tail and a protracted head, with a beak to crop vegetation
- Shoulder spines curve again and are lengthy, flattened, slender, and pointed
- Had not less than three lengthy spines on its shoulder, and had physique armor
- Estimated to be as much as 20 ft or 6 m lengthy (Gregory Paul estimated it to be about 16 ft or 5 m lengthy and weigh 2 tonnes)
- Darren Naish estimated it to be between 9.8 to 13.1 ft (3 to 4 m) lengthy
- Mantell had thought it was 25 ft (7.6 m) lengthy, about half the dimensions of Iguanodon and Megalosaurus, and he thought it was like a contemporary lizard
- Sort species is Hylaeosaurus armatus
- Genus identify means “belonging to the forest lizard” or “of the wooden lizard”
- Named after the Tilgate Forest the place it was discovered. Later Mantell mentioned it imply “Wealden lizard”, one other phrase for forest, to discuss with the Wealden Group, the formation the place it was discovered
- Species identify means “armed” or “armored” and refers back to the spikes and plates
- First fossils present in West Sussex
- Gideon Mantell wrote to Professor Benjamin Silliman in July 1832 after there was a gunpowder explosion that led to exposing some fossils in boulders. A neighborhood fossil supplier put collectively about 50 items and bought them to Mantell (extra bones than had been discovered of Megalosaurus and Iguanodon on the time)
- Hylaeosaurus was probably the most full dinosaur skeleton discovered on the time
- Unique specimen is now a part of the Pure Historical past Museum of London
- At first Mantell thought it was Iguanodon however William Clift, curator of the Royal Faculty of Surgeons of England museum, observed it had physique armor (plates and spikes). Mantell determined to call the specimen Hylaeosaurus
- Mantell despatched Hylaeosaurus to the Geological Society of London, and met with Richard Owen, who instructed him the paper he’d written about Hylaeosaurus was too lengthy. Mantell’s good friend Charles Lyell instructed him to put in writing a guide in regards to the fossils he’d discovered and write a chapter on Hylaeosaurus. He wrote it in three weeks
- Mantell’s guide, The Geology of the South-East of England, was revealed 1833
- There have been 4 species, however solely the kind species remains to be thought-about to be legitimate
- Different species included Hylaeosaurus oweni (Mantell named it to honor Richard Owen, however now thought-about to be a junior synonym of Hylaeosaurus armatus), Hylaeosaurus northhamptoni (initially named Regnosaurus however renamed in 1956 by Alfred Romer), and Hylaeosaurus foxii (initially Polacanthus however renamed in 1971 by Walter Coombs), although neither Hylaeosaurus northmaptoni or Hylaeosaurus foxii have been accepted
- Can see Hylaeosaurus at Crystal Palace Dinosaur (we made a video after we visited https://youtu.be/w7G6ID3Prbc)
- Mark Witton wrote an in depth submit in regards to the science behind the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs. He mentioned Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins didn’t at all times observe Richard Owen’s concepts on what the dinosaurs ought to appear like, and in some circumstances made them look extra like Mantell’s descriptions
- Hawkins additionally put spines in a single row alongside the midline, with numerous small scutes on both aspect (he went with Mantell’s imaginative and prescient as an alternative of Owen’s, with the one row)
- Owen in 1841 thought the spines had been truly ribs (gastralia), as a result of they had been asymmetrical, however by 1854 he thought they had been spines and later thought there have been two rows of spines
- In 1841, Mantell wrote Memoir on a Portion of the Decrease Jaw of the Iguanodon, and on the Stays of the Hyloeosaurus and Different Saurians, Found within the Strata of Tilgate Forest, in Sussex by Gideon Mantell
- He describes in nice element his discover of Hyalaeosaurus, and the way most of the fossils had been destroyed by workmen (on accident), however that there was nonetheless robust proof of it being a brand new genus. He additionally describes the referred specimens (not thought-about to be Hyaleosaurus), and consists of some sketches
- Mantell wrote he offered the whole lot to Richard Owen, and although he’s labored with artist M. Dinkel, they weren’t in a position to full recreating Hylaeosaurus, however he mentioned he didn’t remorse not ending the undertaking as a result of “the topic will probably be elucidated by one way more competent to do it justice”
- Mantell additionally wrote, ” Faraway from the sphere of my former labours, having disposed of my assortment, the fruit of twenty-five years assiduous analysis, and being engaged within the duties of an arduous occupation, this memoir is, perhaps, the final contribution which it’ll ever be in my energy to supply on this attention-grabbing division of paleontology. I subsequently conclude these remarks within the spirit and within the language of the illustrious thinker, whose splendid discoveries and eloquent writings first drew my consideration to this department of pure science, and whose form and beneficiant help so usually inspired me to persevere in my investigations:-.” (wrote in French, interprets to) “I finish right here my work, and I depart it to my successors to domesticate a subject which I’ve solely opened, and which actually will give them nonetheless richer harvests than all people who I used to be in a position to accumulate *”
Enjoyable Truth: If Gigantoraptor laid a full clutch of the Macrooelongatoolithus eggs that we mentioned within the episode, it might lose about 300 kilos.